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Whole-life cost summary for three model buildings over 25 years
40 000 ft2     100 000 ft2     200 000 ft2    
Total
cost 拢		 Cost
拢/蹿迟2		 % of
total cost		 Total
cost 拢		 Cost
拢/蹿迟2		 % of
total cost		 Total
cost 拢		 Cost
拢/蹿迟2		 % of
total cost
Capital                  
Build cost 3 536 000 88.40 11.47 8 566 000 85.66 13.03 23 600 000 118.00 17.74
Less capital allowance 328 848 8.22 1.07 796 638 7.97 1.21 2 194 800 10.97 1.65
Subtotal 3 207 152 80.18 10.41 7 769 362 77.69 11.82 21 405 200 107.03 16.09
Finance cost (real) 4 505 785 112.64 14.62 10 915 314 109.15 16.60 30 072 544 150.36 22.61
Total building cost 7 712 937 192.82 25.03 18 684 676 186.85 28.42 51 477 744 257.39 38.70
Occupancy                  
M&E maintenance 2 025 000 50.63 6.57 3 000 000 30.00 4.56 5 500 000 27.50 4.14
Lifts 50 000 1.25 0.16 100 000 1.00 0.15 150 000 0.75 0.11
Fabric 500 000 12.50 1.62 1 250 000 12.50 1.90 2 500 000 12.50 1.88
External land 206 000 5.15 0.67 352 500 3.52 0.54 605 000 3.02 0.45
Internal planting 149 400 3.73 0.48 309 800 3.10 0.47 559 800 2.80 0.42
Cleaning 1 200 000 30.00 3.89 3 000 000 30.00 4.56 6 000 000 30.00 4.51
Waste 77 000 1.93 0.25 196 750 1.97 0.30 400 000 2.00 0.30
Electricity 2 360 000 59.00 7.66 5 900 000 59.00 8.97 11 800 000 59.00 8.87
Gas 150 000 3.75 0.49 375 000 3.75 0.57 750 000 3.75 0.56
Water 120 000 3.00 0.39 300 000 3.00 0.46 600 000 3.00 0.45
Reception service 809 600 20.24 2.63 809 600 8.10 1.23 1 214 400 6.07 0.91
Communications 3 380 900 84.52 10.97 4 584 475 45.84 6.97 5 680 000 28.40 4.27
Post room 379 200 9.48 1.23 733 400 7.33 1.12 833 400 4.17 0.63
Porterage 379 200 9.48 1.23 733 400 7.33 1.12 1 087 600 5.44 0.82
Internal moves 4 620 000 115.50 14.99 11 805 000 118.05 17.96 24 000 000 120.00 18.04
Security 1 528 800 38.22 4.96 3 057 600 30.58 4.65 4 586 400 22.93 3.45
Catering 2 154 075 53.85 6.99 4 560 665 45.61 6.94 4 586 400 22.93 3.45
Management 1 125 000 28.13 3.65 1 875 000 18.75 2.85 3 000 000 15.00 2.26
Replacement 1 890 766 47.27 6.14 4 117 241 41.17 6.26 7 670 912 38.35 5.77
Subtotal 23 104 941 577.62 74.97 47 060 431 470.60 71.58 81 523 912 407.62 61.30
                 
Whole-life cost
over 25 years		 30 817 878 770.45 100.00 65 745 107 657.45 100.00 133 001 656 665.01 100.00
                 
Statistics                  
Cost 拢/蹿迟2   770.45     657.45听     听665.01  
Number of occupants   308     787听     听1600  
Cost 拢/head   100 158   83 539     聽83 126  
Comparison of service provision in the three sizes of office
40 000 ft2 100 000 ft2 200 000 ft2
308 occupants 787 occupants 1600 occupants
M&E maintenance All planned and reactive mechanical and electrical maintenance 鈥 one resident engineer and a 鈥渕ate鈥 All planned and reactive mechanical and electrical maintenance 鈥 one resident engineer and a 鈥渕ate鈥 All planned and reactive mechanical and electrical maintenance 鈥 working site manager, two resident engineers
Lifts Two hydraulic lifts Four hydraulic lifts Six hydraulic lifts
Fabric All reactive fabric maintenance All reactive fabric maintenance All reactive fabric maintenance
External land Soft and hard landscape maintenance Soft and hard landscape maintenance Soft and hard landscape maintenance
Internal planting Maintenance of internal plants 鈥 planting to reception, lift lobbies, corridors and sporadically through office Maintenance of internal plants 鈥 planting to reception, lift lobbies, corridors and sporadically through office Maintenance of internal plants 鈥 planting to reception, lift lobbies, corridors and sporadically through office
Cleaning Accommodation and window cleaning of offices Monday to Friday plus periodics Accommodation and window cleaning of offices Monday to Friday plus periodics Accommodation and window cleaning of offices Monday to Friday plus periodics
Reception service Two receptionists Monday to Friday 9am-5.30pm Two receptionists Monday to Friday 9am-5.30pm Three receptionists Monday to Friday 9am-5.30pm
Communications Calls and line rental Calls and line rental Calls and line rental
Post room One post room operative Monday to Friday Two post room operatives Monday to Friday Two post room operatives Monday to Friday
Porterage One porter Monday to Friday Two porters Monday to Friday Three porters Monday to Friday
Internal moves Based on churn rate of 60% Based on churn rate of 60% Based on churn rate of 60%
Security 24-hour security 24-hour security 24-hour security
Catering Subsidised catering plus corporate entertaining Subsidised catering plus corporate entertaining Subsidised catering plus corporate entertaining
Management One resident facilities manager One resident facilities manager and assistant One resident facilities manager and two assistants
Whole-life cost summary for Friars Bridge Court over 25 years compared with model office building
Whole-life cost of 100 000 ft2
Model (787 occupants)		     Whole-life cost of 93 423 ft2
Friars Bridge Court (800 occupants)		     Cost variance
from model		  
Total cost (拢) 拢/蹿迟2 拢/辞肠肠耻辫补苍迟 Total cost (拢) 拢/蹿迟2 拢/辞肠肠耻辫补苍迟 %/ft2 %/head
M&E maintenance 3 000 000 30.00 3 812 3 500 000 37.46 4 375 25 15
Lifts 100 000 1.00 127.00 75 000 0.80 94.00 鈥20 鈥26
Fabric 1 250 000 12.50 1 588 750 000 8.03 938.00 鈥36 鈥41
Replacement 4 117 241 41.17 5 232 4 412 719 47.23 5 516 15 5
               
External land 352 500 3.52 448.00 12 500 0.13 16.00 鈥96 鈥97
Internal planting 309 800 3.10 394.00 147 500 1.58 184.00 鈥49 鈥53
Cleaning 3 000 000 30.00 3 812 4 112 500 44.02 5 141 47 35
Waste 196 750 1.97 250.00 250 000 2.68 313.00 36 25
Electricity 5 900 000 59.00 7 497 4 500 000 48.17 5 625 鈥18 鈥25
Gas 375 000 3.75 476.00 710 000 7.60 888.00 103 86
Water 300 000 3.00 381 425 000 4.55 531.00 52 39
Reception service 809 600 8.10 1 029 628 173 6.72 785.00 鈥17 鈥24
Post room 733 400 7.33 932 1 277 400 13.67 1 597 86 71
Security 3 057 600 30.58 3 885 1 846 000 19.76 2 308 鈥35 鈥41
Catering 4 560 665 45.61 5 795 2 425 000 25.96 3 031 鈥43 鈥48
Facilities management 1 875 000 18.75 2 382 1 929 250 20.65 2 412 10 1
Cost over 25 years 29 937 556 299.38 38 040.10 27 001 042 289.02 33 751.30 鈥3 鈥11
               
Internal moves 11 805 000 118.05 15 000 2 249 600 24.08 2 812 鈥80 鈥81
Service provision at Friars Bridge Court, London, compared with a model building of similar size
Model office Friars Bridge Court  
(100 000 ft2,787 occupants) (93 423 ft2, 800 occupants) Comment on cost differences
M&E maintenance All planned and reactive mechanical and electrical maintenance 鈥 one resident engineer and a 鈥渕ate鈥 All planned and reactive mechanical and electrical maintenance 鈥 one resident engineer The higher maintenance costs for Friars Bridge Court reflect the quality of specification for building components
Lifts Four hydraulic lifts Five lifts  
Fabric All reactive fabric maintenance All reactive fabric maintenance 鈥 resident handyman  
External landscaping Soft and hard landscape maintenance Hard landscape maintenance The model building is set in grounds, whereas Friars Bridge Court has no soft landscaping
Internal planting Maintenance of internal plants 鈥 planting to reception, lift lobbies, corridors and sporadically through office Maintenance of internal plants 鈥 planting to reception, lift lobbies, corridors and sporadically through office  
Cleaning Accommodation and window cleaning of offices Monday to Friday plus periodics Accommodation and window cleaning of offices Monday to Friday plus periodics The higher cleaning costs at Friars Bridge Court are because the building is multi-tenanted and in central London
Waste     The higher disposal costs at Friars Bridge Court reflect the difference between its use and that of the model building
Electricity, gas and water     The difference in utility costs between Friars Bridge Court and the model is attributable to the varying level of M&E services and the buildings鈥 use
Reception service Two receptionists Monday to Friday 9am-5.30pm One receptionist Monday to Friday 8am-6pm Friars Bridge Court has one less receptionist than
the model building
Communications Calls and line rental Calls and line rental  
Post room Two post room operatives Monday to Friday Two post room operatives Monday to Friday The costs for Friars Bridge Court are higher because it is multi-tenanted
Porterage Two porters Monday to Friday Carried out by handyman  
Security 24-hour security 24-hour security Costs at Friars Bridge Court reflect the fact that the building has only one entrance and is considered a low-risk building, whereas the model office has two entrances
Catering Subsidised caterings and corporate entertaining Subsidised catering The difference in catering costs between the two buildings reflects the higher subsidies and level of hospitality in the model building and the low take-up rate at Friars Bridge Court because of its central location
Facilities management One resident facilities manager and assistant One resident facilities manager The building has six tenants, whereas the model has one 鈥 this is a factor in the low churn costs.