精东影视

Peter Dunkley has two offices. He spends half his working life in Milton Keynes, the other half in Manhattan Beach, where palm trees sway and waves lap the shore beside his sun terrace. Sometimes clients drop by in swimwear to discuss business opportunities while reclining on white sun loungers. 鈥淲e鈥檝e got an underwater meeting room with fish and one that hovers in the air,鈥� he says.

Dunkley is not a billionaire. And he鈥檚 not delusional. He鈥檚 one of the residents of Second Life, the virtual reality world that claims more than 3 million real-world devotees. His online presence, or 鈥渁vatar鈥�, keeps regular hours at the Manhattan Beach office and his firm, Depo Consulting, advises real-life companies on doing business 鈥渋n-world鈥�.

Most of what you hear about Second Life sounds like a surrealist joke. Reuters has a reporter there, IBM holds business meetings, Sweden has just opened an embassy. When French National Front leader Jean-Marie Le Pen became the first politician to set up shop there, there were anti-racist protests with demonstrators hurling exploding pigs.

But after just a few hours wandering, flying and teleporting myself around Second Life, I come to the startling conclusion that it not only resembles a real world 鈥� it is a real world. Second Life has continents, islands and cities. It has beach resorts, country retreats, shops, offices, theatres, universities, clubs and bars. It even has gun-crime, violence, sex tourism, religion and politics. You can attend press conferences, seminars, gigs, art exhibitions and if you break the law 鈥� the terms of service of its creator Linden Labs 鈥� you face a trial and prison.

Second Life鈥檚 residents certainly seem to believe that it鈥檚 real. Dunkley has only been offering consultancy services in Second Life since last October, but finds he鈥檚 spending increasing amounts of time there. 鈥淚 know I sound eccentric, but to me now our office in Second Life is a real place. I spend a lot of time there chewing the fat. It鈥檚 very absorbing. I can鈥檛 be in Second Life talking to someone and doing something else at the same time 鈥� it鈥檚 not like a telephone conference.鈥� He鈥檚 planning to buy an island to set up a business park, the virtual equivalent of managed office space. One large US company he has spoken to is considering setting up a virtual office in Second Life, not in addition to but instead of all its international premises. So everyone would be working from home, but in the same virtual office.

What sets Second Life apart from other virtual worlds is that everything in it is created by the residents, and anything you can create, you can sell to someone else. You can also hold events and charge people to attend them. Or you can get a job washing floors, being a prostitute or just working in an office. The in-world currency is the Linden dollar, and you can get about 250 to the dollar at the LindeX exchanges in-world.

There鈥檚 a lot of money to be made in Second Life 鈥� US$1m is spent there everyday. The greatest fortunes to date have been made in property investment 鈥� for example, a Chinese woman who has become a dollar millionaire. Right now, it鈥檚 undergoing something of a property boom. Land prices have doubled since November, pending the delivery of a new continent to relieve the pressure. Dunkley has spent US$500 on land to date, but he knows he could sell it for US$1,000 tomorrow.

Of course, where there鈥檚 property investment, there鈥檚 construction, so 精东影视 decided to take a look around and speak to some of the people at the heart of this boom. It was a journey that took in arms dealerships, virtual affairs, and the surprise realisation that, in a world where everything is possible, most people seem to aspire to live in Home Counties suburbia.

Architects and arm dealers

I log on as Katarina Rockett and am immediately overcome by self-consciousness as my avatar appears on screen surrounded by other people on a virtual island. I decide I must customise my appearance before I meet people. This is one of Second Life鈥檚 most popular activities and greatest moneyspinners. It goes without saying that everyone鈥檚 hotter than their real-life selves.

The appeal of Second Life is supposedly the chance to be, do and explore things that would be impossible in real life. But the more time I spend there, the more I notice how strongly real-world rules of interaction apply. I feel shy arriving at new places and wary of interrupting people鈥檚 conversations or being rude. I鈥檓 mortified when I accidentally disrobe in a crowded street. Although the people around me are socialising in a virtual universe, their conversations aren鈥檛 that different to those you鈥檇 overhear in a pub.

I search Second Life鈥檚 classifieds to find architects. Skybeam Architecture鈥檚 sell is 鈥溇�东影视 Dreams One Prim at a Time鈥� 鈥� prims are the building blocks of everything in Second Life (see box, opposite). It offers 鈥減refabs, Victorian, Tudor, modern, furniture, gazebos, fountains and lighting鈥�.

There are places you can purchase an office cubicle 鈥� that鈥檚 the most banal thing I can possibly imagine

Chad Oberg, AKA Chip poutine

I teleport over to Skybeam鈥檚 office and send an instant message to Charlene Trudeau, the avatar who owns it. She strides straight over with far more grace than I鈥檝e been able to muster. Charlene is about a metre taller than I am, with long strawberry blond hair in an elaborate up-do and she鈥檚 wearing a low-cut black top and slinky flared trousers. She also has cat ears and a long swishing tail.

鈥渉i there. welcome to skybeam :),鈥� she says. We stand on a path surrounded by her creations: a large airy house with an atrium, an intricate romanesque castle and a lush, if pixilated, garden. As we talk, our avatars perform typing gestures, although mine seems to be shuffling its feet and staring at the ground. I wonder if she thinks I鈥檓 rude.

Charlene has been building in Second Life for a couple of years and she makes between US$300 and $800 there every month. She sells dozens of her pre-made houses, and reckons she has between two and five clients a month for custom builds. 鈥淚鈥檓 just starting the design of an entire mall for one woman,鈥� she says, which she estimates will take about 30 hours. 鈥淚鈥檓 here from no later than 7am Second Life Time to usually 11pm, with breaks for real-life chores, dinner with family, etc, so I鈥檓 literally full time.鈥� Second Life Time is the same as Pacific Time 鈥� Linden Labs are headquartered in San Francisco.

Most architects in Second Life don鈥檛 have a real-world building background. Both Charlene Trudeau and Seigmancer Nino, the second I seek out, work in IT and were drawn to the creative possibilities of the 3D programming tools. Nino has a showroom selling replicas of the world鈥檚 most famous buildings, including Dubai鈥檚 Burj Al Arab for L$15,000 (about 拢30).

鈥淚 started making weapons and special effects for friends and for fun. Only about a year later I realised it could be turned into real business. I started building towers and skyscrapers because I love cities and architecture,鈥� he says.

Seigmancer is only here part-time but makes over $1,000 a month through Second Life. The Burj took about four months to make 鈥� over 80 hours 鈥� and he鈥檚 sold about 20. But his best-selling buildings are two Legoland-looking condos that wouldn鈥檛 look out of place in a cartoon version of Croydon.

To check out his work, I teleport to Seigmancer鈥檚 store in the district of Berkshire. Outside, exploding barrels are on sale for L$75. Inside, there鈥檚 a wall of futuristic weapons and lovingly recreated army uniforms, and also pornography, fitted kitchens and dining room furniture. It鈥檚 hard to imagine the residents of the real Berkshire welcoming such an establishment. I buy a bottle of Heineken for L$5, which sticks out from my hand at a weird angle, and wander out through the manicured lawns and rosebeds, past a pretty white church and rows of New England-style mansions.

Virtual suburbia

It looks like a lovely place to live but nothing I鈥檝e seen exactly pushes the boundaries of architecture. Especially considering that the designers are unhindered by budget or real-world buildability. Prefab buildings may not have taken off in the real world but they鈥檙e massive in Second Life. There are no planning laws and suburban sprawl has taken hold.

Chad Oberg, or Chip Poutine to his Second Life friends, is a Canadian architect and academic at the University of Calgary who has been writing a blog reviewing the architecture of Second Life since September 2005. He鈥檚 not impressed so far. 鈥淚t kind of reminds me of dollhouses. The site context 鈥� green rolling hills, mountains, trees, rivers, lakes 鈥� to a lot of people, that demands a real world response. But if you go to one of the islands, it鈥檚 nothing to do with the real world, and that鈥檚 more what we expect virtual architecture to look like.鈥�

I mention the underwater meeting room, and Oberg says he鈥檚 fascinated by workplaces in Second Life. 鈥淭here are places you can purchase an office cubicle for yourself 鈥� that鈥檚 the most banal thing I can possibly imagine. I suppose it sends the message that you鈥檙e professional, but it doesn鈥檛 really tap into what the medium has to offer.鈥�

But there are opportunities for real-world architects in Second Life apart from flogging identikit Barratt boxes. The tools in Second Life can allow you to build your creations in 3D relatively quickly and give clients a walkthrough, or attract new ones with sample designs in-world (see box, previous page).

I know I sound eccentric, but to me now our office in Second Life is a real place. I spend a lot of time there chewing the fat

Peter Dunkley, AKA chester orbit

The underwater meeting room

For most businesses, Second Life is a shop window and a networking opportunity. Depo Consulting鈥檚 office is staffed for an hour every day by Marissa Meltzer, who was recruited via an ad on Google and interviewed in Second Life. Dunkley has Marissa鈥檚 CV and knows her real name but he has never met her in the real world and has no idea what she looks like.

I teleport over to meet her and Peter Dunkley鈥檚 avatar, Chester Orbit. They stand up and come to greet me. I feel I ought to shake hands, or at least wave hello, but all I can do is stagger past them and run backwards and forwards over the chair I鈥檓 trying to sit on. It鈥檚 a bit embarrassing.

Finally I sit down and we do the weird typing in mid air thing again. Marissa鈥檚 been here for just over a month now and says she鈥檚 spoken to two major companies about using Second Life. 鈥淭here are many opportunities round here: advertising, direct links to your website, as well as the creative aspect. On average we get about 15 to 20 people a week coming by to have a look and a chat.鈥�

Is that from your ad on Google, I ask.

鈥淚 think most from Google,鈥� says Chester. 鈥淏ut the building itself has attracted a lot of visitors. Word seems to get around. And we鈥檝e met a few people who are just wandering past, that鈥檚 one of the benefits of this sort of location. I think it鈥檚 either interested neighbours or people looking at land.鈥�

But surely networking on Second Life isn鈥檛 the same? 鈥淚 see the people that I know on here the same as real-life people,鈥� types Chester. 鈥淚 met the head of marketing for Leo Burnett, a big advertising company in the States. There鈥檚 no networking event in the real world where that could have happened.鈥�

Aren鈥檛 there crucial differences? 鈥淣ot really 鈥� I made a really useful contact from someone who was having a virtual affair with a manager from some other company. The whole of life is here 鈥� in all its weird forms.鈥�

Depo鈥檚 offices in Second Life were built by Dunkley/Chester鈥檚 brother 鈥� an architect based in New York, whose work is drawing quite a following in-world. But Marissa and Chester both agree that Second Life is not yet living up to its potential, building-wise.

鈥淢ost of the architecture and design is awful,鈥� says Chester. 鈥淏ut maybe it means people really love design that we think of as bland. There鈥檚 a lot of homes that look like upmarket American places. Not great architecture, but it鈥檚 what people want.鈥�

Before I go, I ask if I can have a look at the underwater meeting room. 鈥淥f course,鈥� says Chester. 鈥淔ollow me.鈥� Entering the room involves a complex flying up-forward-down manoeuvre but it鈥檚 worth it. There are tropical fish swimming around our heads and suitably muffled underwater sound effects. 鈥淚鈥檓 really looking forward to using this room,鈥� says Chester, 鈥渋t鈥檚 a shame we haven鈥檛 got it kitted out yet.鈥� And bizarrely, as we stand in that room without table or chairs, it seems a perfectly reasonable thing to say.